Here we will try to enlighten you on the dangers that are
associated with rectal matter.
"Don't drink the water"
The aquatic environment is an ideal place for Pathogenic Protozoa's to thrive,
which can cause some brutal diseases. There are roughly 10000 different types
known to date. Pathogens posing problems in drinking water are Giardia
lamblia, Entamoeba hystolytica, Cryptosporidium, and Naegleria fowleri
(AWWA, 1990).
1. Giardia lamblia: Causes Giardiasis, a gastrointestinal disease. Giardia can exist as a trophozite (9 to 21 um long) or as an ovoid cyst (10 um long and 6 m wide). Ovoid cysts can survive in water for one to three months. Humans become infected after ingesting as few as 10 cysts. Giardiasis can be transmitted by water and from person-to-person.
|
|
|
|
(in the trophozite form) |
(the cysts form) |
2. Entamoeba hystolytica: Causes dysentary and
ulceration of the colon and liver. E. hystolytica survives in an amoeboid
form in the intestines. Spherical cysts are excreted in the feces.
3.
Cryptosporidium: When ingested, an oocyst infects the cells of the digestive
tract, epithelium, liver, kidneys, and blood. The entire life cycle occurs
intracellularly. Excretion occurs in the feces. Transmission occurs through
ingestion of oocyst-containing water (Kubek et al., 1990).
4.Naegleria
fowleri: Causes the fatal disease amoebic meningoencephalitis. N. fowleri
gains access to the brain tissues through nasal passages (Mitchell et al.,
1988).
Waterborne diseases may be transmitted to humans through:
-
Drinking water: municipal, domestic, industrial, and individual supplies.
-
Primary contact recreation: bathing, water skiing.
-
Secondary contact: boating, fishing.
-
Ingestion of shellfish.
Among other ways of contracting bad things you can wonder how some people have survived there life styles.
CHAGAS DISEASE
Humans are not the only source for bad things from rectal mater, there are also a number of animals that can also infect a human.
Causative agent
|
|
The protozoan parasite (Trypanosoma cruzi), which enters the human body though broken skin |
Transmission
 |
Parasites
are transmitted to humans in 3 ways
1) By bloodfeeding "Assassin bugs" (sub-family Triatominae), which live in cracks and crevices of poor-quality houses, usually in rural areas. They emerge at night to bite and suck blood. The faeces of the insects contain parasites which can enter the wound left after the bloodmeal, usually when it is scratched or rubbed |
